All TopicsLevel

Level Transmitter Simulator – Interactive Level Measurement

How Level Transmitters Measure Level

Level can be found by pressure, buoyancy, weight, floats, electrical properties, sound, radar or radiation. Pick a level instrument, raise and lower the liquid in the tank, then change the fluid and the process conditions (foam, vapour, pressure, build-up) to find out where each type works well and where it fails.

From level to 4-20 mA (signal chain)

Sensor signal, conditioning electronics, ADC, microprocessor (converts to level), then the 4-20 mA output. If there is no usable signal the transmitter goes to a fail-safe 3.6 mA.

How it works

    About this level instrument

    What it senses
    Contact with the liquid
    Typical accuracy
    Best for
    Weak point
    Response / damping time

    1Choose a level instrument

    2Change the level

    m

    3Fluid and process conditions

    Untick “calibrated” to see what happens when the instrument was set up for water but the fluid is different. Tank gas pressure (a closed, pressurised tank) fools a simple open-tank pressure measurement.

    Transmitter readings

    True level
    Sensor raw signal
    Digital value (16-bit)
    Level read by transmitter
    Measurement error
    Output (% of span) and current
    Suitability for this fluid

    Response to a level change

    grey dashed = true level, blue = what the transmitter reads. Last 60 s.

    Sensor signal vs level

    x: level (% of span), y: raw sensor signal (% of its change over the span). Orange dashed = a perfect straight line. Curves and steps must be corrected by the microprocessor.

    Compare all level instruments

    Fluid columns: \u25CF works well, \u25B2 poor or limited, \u2715 does not work.

    Explore how industrial level transmitters measure liquid levels using an interactive simulation. Compare sight glasses, magnetic floats, displacers, hydrostatic pressure, differential pressure (DP), capacitance probes, ultrasonic, radar, guided wave radar, and other level measurement technologies.

    Adjust tank level, fluid type, foam, vapour, turbulence, tank pressure, and sensor build-up to understand how different process conditions affect measurement accuracy. Observe animated instrument operation, sensor signals, digital readings, transmitter output, measurement errors, and response curves.

    This simulator helps instrumentation engineers, technicians, engineering students, and beginners understand level measurement principles, transmitter calibration, 4–20 mA signals, and instrument selection for industrial applications.

    Key Learning Features

    • Compare 14 types of industrial level instruments.
    • Understand hydrostatic pressure and DP level measurement.
    • Explore ultrasonic and radar level measurement principles.
    • Simulate fluid density, foam, vapour, and sensor build-up effects.
    • Understand transmitter signal conversion and 4–20 mA output.
    • Compare instrument suitability, accuracy, limitations, and response time.